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History

Ancient, Medieval, Modern, and World history. The single longest-tail subject in UPSC.

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Art and Culture

Art and Culture articles within the History hub. Covers classical dances, music, architecture, sculpture, religious traditions, festivals, and the institutional bodies (Sangeet Natak Akademi, Sahitya Akademi, Lalit Kala Akademi) governing…

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Classical Dances of India: All 8 Forms with Region, Origin, and Sangeet Natak Akademi

Aug 2020

Eight classical dances of India: Bharatanatyam, Kathak, Kathakali, Kuchipudi, Mohiniyattam, Odissi, Manipuri, Sattriya. Regional origin and Sangeet Natak Akademi recognition criteria.
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Modern India

Company rule, British policy, freedom struggle, post-independence consolidation.

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Lord Dalhousie and the Machinery of Modern Administration

Jun 2026

Lord Dalhousie and modern administration: the Doctrine of Lapse, railways, telegraph, the ICS, the Penal Code and the founder of modern India,…

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The Early Governor-Generals: Warren Hastings to Lord Bentinck

Jun 2026

The early Governor-Generals of British India: Warren Hastings, Cornwallis, Wellesley and Bentinck and their reforms, from foundation to Sati, for UPSC.

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The Regulating Act of 1773 and the Colonial Constitutional Framework

Jun 2026

The Regulating Act of 1773, Pitt's India Act, the Charter Acts and the Government of India Act 1858: the colonial constitution, for…

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The Anglo-Sikh Wars and Britain’s Conquest of the Frontiers

Jun 2026

The Anglo-Sikh Wars and the conquest of the frontiers: Punjab, Sindh, Nepal and Burma, from Ranjit Singh to annexation, for UPSC -…

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The Anglo-Mysore Wars, the Marathas and British Expansion

Jun 2026

The Anglo-Mysore Wars, the Anglo-Maratha Wars and the Subsidiary Alliance: how Tipu Sultan fell and the Company became paramount in India, for…

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The Carnatic Wars and the British Conquest of Bengal

Jun 2026

Conquest of Bengal and the Carnatic Wars: Plassey 1757, Buxar 1764, the Diwani of 1765, and why the Company's armies won, for…

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The Advent of the Europeans in India: Portuguese, Dutch, English, French

Jun 2026

The advent of the Europeans in India: the Portuguese, Dutch, English, French and Danish trading companies, their settlements and rivalries, for the…

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The Rise of the Regional States in Eighteenth-Century India

Jun 2026

The rise of the regional states after Mughal decline: successor, new and independent states, Bengal, Awadh, Hyderabad, the Marathas and Mysore, for…

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Decline of the Mughal Empire and Eighteenth-Century India

Jun 2026

Decline of the Mughal Empire: weak successors, the jagirdari crisis, Nadir Shah, Abdali and Panipat 1761, and the fragmentation of India, for…

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The Gandhian Era: Historiography, Analysis and the Verdict

Jun 2026

The Gandhian era weighed: schools of interpretation, the verdict on Gandhi, and a ready-reckoner of the sessions, Acts and pacts, for UPSC…

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Many Voices: Peasant Movements, Tribals, Workers and Women in the Freedom Struggle

Jun 2026

Peasant movements, the Kisan Sabhas, tribal revolts, workers and women in the freedom struggle, plus the great Bengal Famine of 1943, for…

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The Constructive Programme and Gandhian Economic Thought

Jun 2026

The constructive programme and Gandhian economic thought: khadi, Nai Talim, trusteeship, swadeshi and the village-centred economy, for UPSC - CSE Mains.